[Impacts of emotional catharsis by writing on depression in multiple sclerosis patients]

Multiple sclerosis [MS] is an acquired chronic neurological disease whose prevalence is more in some areas of Iran. Of its significant features are that most patients are young adults and also it's disabling nature. Psychiatric disorders such as depression are seen in MS patients considerably. Expression of emotions or emotional Catharsis by writing is one of the cost-effective self-helping methods whose efficacy has been studied on mental and physical health and survival in chronic patients. This method has not been studied on MS patients yet. This research has been conducted to evaluate the effects of Journaling on depression in MS patients. This study has been done in ''Interventional and Quazi experiment'' before and after method, on patients with [MS] coming to MS ASSOSIATION, in TEHRAN, IRAN within [2010]. After getting patients' written consents, candidates were asked to complete first DASS-21 questionnaire and then write negative feelings and emotions about a traumatic event, 30 minutes a day for four continuous weeks. After 1 month they were asked to complete another DASS-21 questionnaire. Finally Data of questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS version 16. Depression score are higher than normal in MS patients. Mean of depression score of intervention group was significantly better than before Journaling [P=0.008]. Journaling efficacy was not dependent on sex and patients age. Journaling and writing emotional expression is effective on depression score in patients with MS

[Coping to retirement: a review article]

Retirement is combining with extensive changes in everyday life, opportunities, expectations, hopes and fears. Since retirement is a major event in the lives of many people and necessary to coping, it discussed as an important issue for health care professionals. The aim of this review article was exploration of coping to retirement. In this systematic review that was done during 2009-2011, we were collected and analyzed all studies and references in retirement and coping with retirement [Persian and English], without time limitation. This review study was carried out using ISI, MEDLINE and CINAHL database that cover a wide range of scientific literature and journals, the index published their research. Studies in Persian through electronic databases including the Scientific Information Database [SID], Database of Medical Sciences in Iran articles [IranMedex], Institute for Scientific Information and Documentation Iran [IranDoc], Country Information [Magiran] and [Medlib] and search engine [Google] search was performed with Persian words. In addition, offline search that were available in retirement, refer to the archive library journals, dissertations and books, references were also presented at conferences and resources. The results of this search was to obtain after primary investigate of 297 relevant references and finally among of 98 references that the most appropriate in terms of coverage of the subject with emphasis on various aspects of retirement and coping to retirement, were used for this article. These references include of quantitative and qualitative studies, books, and abstracts of research projects. The key concepts involve to coping in retirement include of: "Preparation", "Healthy", "Identifying" and "Supporting", that by precise identification, orderly and planned all the relevant studies can be helpful and effective in coping with retirement. Retirement coping is possible with emphasis on create preparation to retirement, identify of retiree, maintain healthy and enjoyment from supporting of family, leaders, organizations and community. Identify of this concept, creating of social positive attitude towards the phenomenon of retirement are the essential and necessary in coping to retirement

[ effect of poetry therapy on depression in elderly residents of a nursing home in Arak - Iran]

Considering the aged population development and the prevalence of depression in this group, especially in nursing homes, paying attention to psychotherapeutic approaches, especially in terms of ease and lack of side effects is absolutely necessary. This study investigated the effects of group poetry therapy on depression of elderly people. A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 72 elderly living at a nursing home and also were randomly selected and classified in two groups of intervention [n=39] and control [n=33] groups. Poetry therapy group was designed for the intervention group and 12 sessions of 60 minutes were carried out for 6 weeks. Without any special interruption, the intervention group participated regularly in group meetings. The data collection tools were questionnaire, demographic information and geriatric depression scale. To analyze and collect data, chi-square, t-tests and paired t-test were utilized. Our finding showed a significant difference between pre and post intervention, where the elderly depression mean score in intervention group changed from 7.6 to 6.5 [P<0.004] but no significant difference was observed in the control group [P>0.87]. Having considered the results, it can be said that group poetry therapy can be effective to reduce depression in older adults. Therefore, it is recommended to use such an easy and low cost skill in nursing homes or own homes to promote mental health and improve depression symptoms

[Impact of spiritual care on spiritual health of hospitalized amphetamin dependents]

Impaired spiritual health in substance abusers and important role of spirituality and spiritual care in substance abuse treatment led to more focus on spiritual interventions in substance abuse treatment. Due to high rate of industrial drug abuse, this research aimed to determine the impact of spiritual care on spiritual health of Amphetamin dependents. In a triangulated experimental study, all officially diagnosed and hospitalized amphetamin dependents of a special service center in Iran were participated. 81 persons sample by using a randomized permuted block method was devided into two case and control group.[41 case and 40 control group]. Data gathered by using pre and post test information, applying demographic checklist and jarel spiritual well-being questionnaire by each person before and after spiritual care intervention. To analyze data dependent t-test, colmogroph-smirnoph test and pierson correlation test were applied. Comparison the pre and post test data of spiritual health in tow case and contol groups showed significant diffrences in case group and spiritual health in case group promoted after spiritual care, however there was no significant diffrence in control group before and after spiritual care intervention. Spiritual care intervention leads to spiritual health promotion in hospitalized amphetamin dependents. Assessment of demographic variables showed that gender effects spiritual health and women reported higher response to spiritual care than men

[ effect of poetry reading group on social behaviors of schizophrenic patient]

Schizophrenia is one the complex psychiatric disorders that have many negative effect in patients' social functions and behaviors. Although the antipsychotic drugs are main treatments for this disorder, but psychological interventions are effective in improvement of clinical symptoms. The purpose of the present study was to test the effectiveness of poetry reading group on social behaviors of schizophrenic patient. In this clinical trail 29 schizophrenic patients were selected via convenience sampling and then, subjects were randomly assigned to poetry therapy group [n=14] and control group [n=15]. For experimental group, poetry therapy was held in one hour session, twice weekly for 6 weeks. The Activity daily living Impairment scale [behavioral problems] was used as questioners. Statically analysis was done by t-test and paired t-test in SPSS14 statistical soft ware environment. Paired t-test showed significant decrease in behavioral problem of subject group patients after poetry therapy intervention [P<0.05]. There was no significant difference before and after intervention in control group [P>0.05]. After intervention we found significant differences between poetry reading group and control group [P<0.05]. The study confirmed the effectiveness of poetry reading group on social behaviors of schizophrenic patient